Anders Oskal, a WAMIP representative from the Arctic Region, demonstrates the Indigenous Sámi practice of reindeer riding to children in Mongolia. The Sámi share genetic roots with Norwegian, Finnish and Mongolian people, known not only for their indigenous heritage but also their continued way of living as they would have 500 years ago. Historically, the Sámi have used reindeer herds for transportation and milk, surviving primarily off of hunting animals such as roe deer, moose and bear. Reindeer herding is a common practice for Sámi families, and many earn their living by herding hundreds, or even thousands of reindeer. Since the turn of the 20th century Sámi reindeer husbandry has been altered by the introduction of new technology such as snow mobiles, which have greatly impacted the industry. Because of these modern instruments, herding today requires greater land use, posing challenges to herders such as new threats from predators, and difficulty maintaining herd integrity as reindeer are frightened by their forced displacement from natural pastures. Indigenous knowledge is critical to solving these modern challenges, providing us with a basis for how both the herds and land should be maintained during different periods of time or weather fluctuations, in order to protect both the reindeer and livelihood of the Sámi people. The Sámi heritage in Mongolia and Scandinavia alike is being threatened by hunting regulations on Reindeers’ predators like wolves and increasing government control over land rights that prevent the Sámi from migrating their herds to safer and healthier land. Additionally, the cost of maintaining these herds has greatly increased over the past few centuries making it difficult to preserve the Sámi way of indigenous living. WAMIP and other grassroots organisations hope to aid in this mission of conserving indigenous cultures, like that of the Sámi, across the world.